Disease resistent varieties in Marlborough
Vitis vinifera today occupies over 7 million ha. Evolving in the Caucasus’, the species evolved in the absence of our key fungal diseases and phylloxera. These pests were introduced from the Americas to Europe between 1845 and 1870. Vitis vinifera, with no evolutionary resistance required interventions such as sulphur, copper and grafting to allow continued production of wine in Europe and eventually throughout the winegrowing world.
Today, with clear evidence of soil health declines due to copper, growing resistance of consumers to synthetic chemicals and growing cost pressures on growers, the prospect of high-quality disease resistant winegrape varieties (DVRs) is coming to reality.
The first French DRVs from 1870s were of poor quality with foxy notes of their American parents, but modern breeding has produced varieties of great quality that are gaining interest around the world today. Breeding programs are underway in many countries, although Europe leads the way, to tackle the key fungal diseases, and local issues such as Pierce’s disease in the USA.
Breeding introduces resistance genes via a donor hybrid variety crossed with vinifera to produce varieties with similar organoleptic qualities to the vinifera parents, but with genetic resistance to diseases. These varieties only require 1 or 2 sprays per season providing significant cost, environmental and consumer acceptance gains.
The first imports of DRVs have recently arrived in New Zealand and are gaining interest from wine companies big and small for their potential to shift the dial on sustainability and production costs.
Biography
Jim White is the Technical and Sustainable Development Director at Cloudy Bay Vineyards in Marlborough, Hailing from Melbourne, an interest in horticulture lead to studying agriculture from which Jim’s started his career in viticulture in 1997, holding vineyard management positions in the Yarra Valley and Margaret River before joining Cloudy Bay in 2010 as Viticulturist.
Today Jim’s role encompasses vineyard and winery supply and technical matters plus a broad range of responsibilities including sustainability and CSR programs. Jim contributes to sustainability leadership chairing the Circular Wine Group in Marlborough and internationally via the Sustainable Wine Roundtable.
Jim became interested in disease resistant varieties (DVR) when attending a Moet Hennessy technical forum in Italy in 2022. A follow up visit in 2023 was made to nurseries and producers in Italy and France to explore the potential for DVR for Cloudy Bay and the New Zealand wine industry